Pilgrims - St. Fillan's Church, Aberdour

History

Aberdour and its Pilgrims

Religious pilgrimage played an important role in the life of medieval Aberdour. Not only is the village en route for Inchcolm with its holy associations with St Columba, but there is a sacred well whose waters are reputed to offer cures for eye troubles. Later known as “St Fillan’s Well” it is long since drained and covered in a private garden.

The Saint, and his holy well, seem to be associated with the cure of eye diseases because of his most famous reputed miracle which involves the restoration of an eye pecked out by a pet bird.

Little is known about St Fillan. He probably lived in the sixth or seventh century, and is strongly associated with western Perthshire. His crosier and bell are preserved in the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh. Robert the Bruce’s favourite saint, his cult was probably introduced to the village by the King’s friend and adviser the Earl of Moray, who was granted the lands of Aberdour in the early fourteenth century.

In 1471 James, first Earl of Morton, was persuaded to give land and money for a hospice or hospital to be called the ‘Hospital of St Martha’. It was for the poor, and to serve the needs of pilgrims to the sacred well. This land is at what is now the corner of Main Street and Murrell Terrace, directly opposite the Purple Shop. The Earl and the King both put in additional resources for the Hospital in1479.

During 1486 the Hospital was transferred to the control of the Sisters of the Third Order of St Francis, a lay order committed to a holy life without following the full vows of poverty or chastity. In 1487 The Pope (Innocent VIII) confirmed this arrangement, on condition that they no longer called it, or ran it, as a hospice or hospital. Rather, the nuns should:

…receive maidens and other women fleeing from the world, and to retain and instruct those young maidens of honourable parentage, willing to be instructed in literature and good arts.

Post-Reformation, this land – eight acres, known as the ‘Sister Lands’ – was set in feu to the Earl of Morton. At a later date, the First Manse was built on this land, and the area around is still known as ‘The Glebe’. In 1508 King James IV (an enthusiastic pilgrim) paid his respects to St Columba, and spent a night on Inchcolm. The King returned in 1511 to Inchcolm, offering three trigentals (a trigental or trental being a set of 30 requiem masses), perhaps in penance for his part in the downfall and murder of his own father James III. Pilgrims’ visits to Aberdour are remembered by this engraved stone slab, at the base of the gable end of the Church. The date of this cheery admonition is unknown.

REMEMBER
PANS [Think] O PILGRIM THAT PASSITH BY THIS WAY
UPON THYN END AND THOU SAL FEAR TO SIN
AND THINK ALSO UPON THE LATTER DAY WHEN THOU TO GOD MAN COUNT
[When you to God must give account]
THEN BEST THOU NOW BEGIN

Leper’s Squint – the small, blocked up hole at the west end of the Church may have been a so-called ‘leper’s squint’ (also used by any ‘undesirables’ not wanted inside a church).The story that Robert I (Bruce) used this has to be apocryphal. As King there is no way he would have had to worship outside. It is not known when this legend started.

Pilgimages to Inchcolm: In 1960 one of the Elders serving on St Fillan’s Kirk Session, the late Norman McClelland, proposed to re-institute an annual Pilgrimage to the Abbey. Since then, a Pilgrimage has taken place every year. A boat is charted to take up to 200 people to the island. The local community is invited to join in an Act of Worship in the Abbey grounds or in the restored Refectory in case of inclement weather. This is followed by a time of contemplation or a picnic.